内容摘要：The research is published in the journal PLOS ONE.

The research is published in the journal PLOS ONE.

French administrations have acknowledged the historic wrong of slavery in Haiti and other former colonies but have avoided any real discussion over whether they would return the "independence debt".Macron said the debt "put a price on the freedom of a young nation, which was thus confronted, from its very inception, with the unjust force of history".

"Once this necessary and indispensable work has been completed, this commission will propose recommendations to both governments, so that they can learn from them and build a more peaceful future," he added.In an interview with Le Monde on Thursday, Haitian writer Monique Clesca said that France is "losing influence in the world, particularly in Africa. Its former colonies are turning their backs on it".Macron can go some way to changing this by acknowledging the "injustice" of the debt, she said.

"This recognition will not erase the harm that has been done, but it could ease some pain."Haiti is currently wracked by economic chaos, little functioning political control, and increasingly violent gang warfare.

More than 5,500 people were killed in gang-related violence in the Caribbean nation in 2024 and more than a million people have fled their homes.

Haiti's transitional presidential council, the body created to re-establish democratic order, has made little progress towards organising long-delayed elections.It also did not say exactly how many were intercepted, explaining that it wanted to avoid “giving Iran and Hezbollah information that will help them learn lessons”. The IDF claimed that 99% of the Iranian projectiles launched in April’s attack were intercepted.

Israel has a sophisticated system of air defences, the best-known of which is the Iron Dome. It is designed to intercept short-range rockets of the sort fired by Hamas and Hezbollah.While it was used to defend against some elements of Iran's last attack in April, other elements of the country's "layered" defence systems probably did the bulk of the work on Tuesday.

David’s Sling - a joint US-Israeli manufactured system - is used to intercept medium to long-range rockets, as well as ballistic and cruise missiles. And when it comes to long-range ballistic missiles, which fly outside the Earth’s atmosphere, Israel has the Arrow 2 and Arrow 3 interceptors.The Pentagon said two US Navy destroyers deployed in the Eastern Mediterranean fired a dozen interceptors as part of the efforts to defend Israel, but that it was not known whether they took down any of the missiles.