内容摘要：Somali women wait their turn to collect water at a camp for displaced people on the outskirts of Dollow, Somalia on Monday, Sept. 19, 2022. (AP Photo/Jerome Delay)

Somali women wait their turn to collect water at a camp for displaced people on the outskirts of Dollow, Somalia on Monday, Sept. 19, 2022. (AP Photo/Jerome Delay)

Turiah, his adult daughter, lives in the home with him. Born with a physical disability that prevents her from walking, she spends her days sitting in the home’s front window on an elevated wooden platform.Like many homes in the village, the windows are partially immersed in the sea water that is a permanent fixture inside. In some areas, barnacles and mold rings cling to the walls. Personal items, such as a refrigerator, clothes and an old clock, are kept on wooden platforms elevated above the water from the rising sea level.

Mar’iah sits outside her house while waiting for the flood water to subside in Timbulsloko, Central Java, Indonesia, Sunday, July 31, 2022. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)Mar’iah sits outside her house while waiting for the flood water to subside in Timbulsloko, Central Java, Indonesia, Sunday, July 31, 2022. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)Mar’iah sits in a chair at the end of the village’s elevated walkway, her flooded wooden home not far behind her. A widower, Mar’iah lives alone with no one to help care for her daily needs.

With most trees dead from the sea’s saltwater, there’s no shady place she can sit outside her home unless she’s willing to wade through flooded water.In a soft voice, Mar’iah explains that she sits in the chair every day waiting until her house is dry enough to enter again. Unlike neighboring villages, there’s no dirt left in the village that could be used to help elevate the home’s floor. Wooden platforms used to previously elevate the house have already flooded and remain underwater.

Mar’iah’s remaining neighbors say they have heard that a nearby village has received government aid, but help has not come to Timbulsloko.

Suratmi, who is paralyzed, lies in her bed as her daughter Ngatiroh, right, walks on the floor that has been raised to prevent flood water in their house in Timbulsloko, Central Java, Indonesia, Saturday, July 30, 2022. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)FILE - Somalis who fled drought-stricken areas carry their belongings as they arrive at a makeshift camp for the displaced on the outskirts of Mogadishu, Somalia, June 30, 2022. (AP Photo/Farah Abdi Warsameh, File)

TRANSFORMING DEBATES ON MIGRATIONPolicy debates on migration have long centered on locking down borders. Climate change is changing that.

With hundreds of millions of people expected to be uprooted by natural disasters, there is growing discussion about how to manage migration flows rather than stop them, as for many people migration will become a survival tool, according to advocates.“One problem is just the complete lack of understanding as to how climate is forcing people to move,” said Amali Tower, founder and executive director of Climate Refugees, an advocacy group focused on raising awareness about people displaced because of climate change. “There is still this idea in the Global North (industrialized nations) that people come here because they are fleeing poverty and seeking a better life, the American Dream. In Europe, it’s the same spin of the same story. But no one wants to leave their home. We’ve got to approach climate displacement as a human security issue and not a border security issue.”