That remains the case as voters prepare for their next moment in the political spotlight.
The ambitions of past defence reviews have rarely been matched by resources.It's a grim paradox, doctors say.
On the one hand, antibiotics are being overused until they no longer work, driving resistance and fuelling the rise of deadly superbugs. On the other hand, people are dying because they can't access these life-saving drugs.A new study by the non-profit Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP) looked at access to antibiotics for nearly 1.5 million cases of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative (CRGN) infections across eight major low- and middle-income countries, including India, Brazil and South Africa. CRGN bacteria are superbugs resistant to last-line antibiotics - yet only 6.9% of patients received appropriate treatment in the countries studied.India bore the lion's share of CRGN infections and treatment efforts, procuring 80% of the full courses of studied antibiotics but managing to treat only 7.8% of its estimated cases, the
in The Lancet Infectious Diseases journal reports. (A full drug course of antibiotics refers to the complete set of doses that a patient needs to take over a specific period to fully treat an infection.)Common in water, food, the environment and the human gut, Gram-negative bacteria cause infections such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), pneumonia and food poisoning.
They can pose a serious threat to newborns and the elderly alike. Especially vulnerable are hospital patients with weakened immunity, often spreading rapidly in ICUs and proving difficult - and sometimes impossible - to treat. Treating carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections is doubly difficult because those bacteria are resistant to some of the most powerful antibiotics.
"These infections are a daily reality across all age groups," says Dr Abdul Gaffar, infectious disease consultant at Apollo Hospital in India's Chennai city. "We often see patients for whom no antibiotic works - and they die."Georgina Spray, 25, plays for and is assistant music leader for the Birmingham National Open Youth Orchestra (NOYO) ensemble.
She is set to perform with the orchestra in an inclusive concert experience at Birmingham Town Hall on 8 June."As an autistic musician, NOYO has given me opportunities within the music sector… I'm in an ensemble where I belong and I can be myself," she said.
"I started playing the French horn when I was 12, and I love making music and playing with other musicians."NOYO sees 11 to 25-year-old disabled and non-disabled musicians rehearse and perform together.