内容摘要：“It takes a massive effort to not talk to your baby,” another person added.

“It takes a massive effort to not talk to your baby,” another person added.

High-quality studies show fluoride prevents cavities and repairs damage to teeth caused by bacteria in the mouth. Fluoride makes tooth enamel stronger and rebuilds weakened tooth enamel, the ADA says.Fluoride also replaces minerals lost from teeth due to acid breakdown, according to the

Influential skeptics such as Ladapo and Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., however, have long raised doubts about the benefits of fluoride.In an interview within November 2024, Kennedy doubled down on his promise of persuading local governments to remove fluoride from their water supplies.

Earlier this year, Kennedy said heand ultimately change the CDC's guidance to stop recommending fluoride. The comments came during a press conference in Utah after the state became the first in the nation to ban fluoride from water drinking systems.

published in January 2025 suggested a link between fluoride and lower IQ in children, but the study only pointed to a possible link -- not proven cause and effect. Meanwhile, much of the underlying data was pulled from other countries, where fluoride exposure is far higher than levels used in drinking water in the U.S.

Some health professionals have also expressed concerns about excessive fluoride intake and potential toxicity.When penguins are swimming in the water, predators that are swimming below them look up and can get confused because their white belly blends in with the light surface above the water. Meanwhile, predators swimming above penguins look down and are confused because their black coloration blends in with the colors of the ocean floor. Common predators of most penguins include sharks, seals, killer whales, various birds, and even foxes and other land-based threats.

It may not be surprising to bird aficionados that penguins don’t have teeth. However, many people assume they do because penguins are carnivores. Their diets consist of a variety of meaty prey, including squid, fish, krill, crabs, and other seafood that they mostly catch while swimming. Penguins are constantly eating, especially during the summer, when they consume about two pounds of food per day. Still, they don’t chew food with their teeth. Another reason some people may mistakenly believe penguins have teeth is that they have small spines on their tongues, which can look like teeth. The spines point towards their throat, and they look like teeth. The purpose of these spines is to keep fish inside their mouths and help them swallow.Another one of the more interesting facts about penguins is that they choose a mate and breed only with them, at least during the entirety of a single breeding season. Most penguins will lay at most two eggs per year. Some, like the emperor penguin, only lay one. Once a penguin finds a mate, they work like a team. They both take turns incubating and warming the eggs. Sometimes, like in the case of the emperor penguin, the male takes the primary responsibility for the incubation work. When the next breeding season comes around, penguins look for a new mate. Sometimes, the same two penguins will reunite, but it’s not common, and they may find other mates the next time.

Most animals have a name for when a group of them gets together. In the case of penguins, a group of them walking on land is called a “waddle.” It’s a cute name because that’s how most penguins appear to walk. However, that’sthat penguins have. During breeding season, penguins gather into large groups to attract mates. That group is called either a rookery or a colony.