内容摘要：she tells the infant that they "have to give the people what they want."

she tells the infant that they "have to give the people what they want."

helps people lose weight but also points the way to developing even better treatments. Instead of triggering both the helpful and harmful effects at once, new drugs might one day target just the neurons responsible for reducing hunger and burning fat—while avoiding the ones tied to discomfort.Semaglutide belongs to a class of drugs known as GLP-1 receptor agonists. These were originally designed to treat type 2 diabetes. But over time, doctors noticed that many patients lost weight while taking the medication. This led to the approval of semaglutide for treating obesity under brand names like Ozempic and Wegovy.

In large clinical trials, people taking semaglutide lost about 15% of their body weight over 68 weeks. That’s more than most other weight-loss drugs on the market. Yet many patients experience side effects, including nausea. And some studies have raised concerns about the drug reducing lean muscle mass, which could become a problem for older adults.Scientists already knew that semaglutide lowers blood sugar by acting directly on the pancreas. But when it comes to weight loss, the brain plays the main role. Even thoughdoesn’t easily cross the blood-brain barrier, it collects in certain brain regions that don’t have one—especially an area called the dorsal vagal complex, or DVC.

This part of the brainstem includes two key areas: the area postrema and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Both are known to influence appetite, digestion, and metabolism. When semaglutide reaches this region, it activates brain cells that reduce hunger and body weight. But the details of that process have remained unclear—until now.To better understand which brain cells were responsible for semaglutide’s effects, researchers at the Sahlgrenska Academy tracked how the drug affected mice. After semaglutide was injected, they looked for brain cells that became active. They found that many of these cells in the area postrema and the nucleus of the solitary tract expressed a gene called

. This gene produces a neuropeptide called PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide), which is known to influence appetite and metabolism.

To test whether theseI'd traveled in first and

before, but this was my first trip in coach since I was a kid. So I wasn't sure how it would compare to my countless experiencesSince the ticket was less than half the price, I didn't expect the train seat to be so much cozier than the stiff, flimsy plane seats I'm used to. I even avoided the neck and back pain I usually get when flying.

On the train, the seats felt wider with more legroom than on a typical economy flight.Walking a mile in Seattle feels more strenuous than it does in New York.